Phishing Attacks

You get an email that looks like it's from Microsoft. "Your session expired, click here to log in." The page is pixel-perfect — same logo, same layout, same fonts. You enter your password. Except the URL was micro-soft-verify.com, and your credentials just went to someone in another country.

Over 80% of reported security incidents involve phishing. The average phishing page exists for less than 24 hours — just long enough to harvest credentials, but short enough to avoid blocklist detection. That timing gap is exactly what makes phishing so effective.

How Phishing Actually Works

The concept is old. The execution keeps getting better. An attacker clones a login page — your bank, your email, your SaaS tools — and tricks you into typing your real credentials into the fake version. The fake page forwards your login to the attacker, and in advanced setups, proxies you through to the real site so you don't even realize anything happened.

No malware. No downloads. No code running on your machine. Just a convincing-enough webpage and a moment where you don't look closely at the URL bar.

How a Phishing Attack Works

1

The lure

You receive an email, text message, or link that appears to come from a trusted source — your bank, employer, or a service you use. The message creates urgency: "Your account has been compromised," "Verify your identity," or "Payment failed."

2

The fake page

The link takes you to a page that looks identical to the real service. The domain may look similar (like "paypa1.com" instead of "paypal.com") or use a subdomain trick (like "paypal.com.attacker.site"). Modern phishing kits clone entire login pages in minutes.

3

Credential capture

When you enter your username and password, the phishing page sends your credentials to the attacker's server. Advanced kits also capture 2FA codes in real time, using them within seconds to log into your real account.

4

Account takeover

The attacker now has your credentials. They log into your real account, change the password, and begin exfiltrating data, making unauthorized purchases, or using your account to attack others.

Real-World Examples

Fake Microsoft 365 login

An email claims your Microsoft 365 session expired. The link goes to a page that looks exactly like the Microsoft login — same logo, same layout, same input fields. But the URL is "microsoft365-verify.com" instead of "microsoft.com". You enter your password. The attacker now has access to your email, OneDrive, and Teams.

Bank "security alert"

A text message says "Unusual activity detected on your account. Verify your identity: [link]." The page is a perfect clone of your bank's login. It even asks for your SMS verification code and relays it in real time to log into your actual bank account.

Crypto wallet drain

A Discord message offers a free NFT mint. The connected site asks you to "connect your wallet" and approve a transaction. The transaction actually grants the attacker unlimited access to transfer your tokens. Your wallet is drained within minutes.

How to Protect Yourself

Related Threats & Resources

Formjacking Attacks

When the site is real but the script stealing your data isn't — the other side of credential theft.

SSL Stripping

Phishing often pairs with HTTPS downgrades on public WiFi to intercept credentials.

PhishClean vs Safe Browsing

Why blocklists miss most new phishing pages, and what catches them instead.

PhishClean vs Browser Guard

How two different approaches to browser security compare.

Session Hijacking

What happens after the credentials are stolen — how attackers take over active sessions.

After a Phishing Attack

Already clicked the link? Step-by-step damage control guide.

Stop Phishing Before It Starts

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